Create a pandas dataframe with a date column:

import pandas as pd
import datetime

TODAY = datetime.date.today()
ONE_WEEK = datetime.timedelta(days=7)
ONE_DAY = datetime.timedelta(days=1)

df = pd.DataFrame({'dt': [TODAY-ONE_WEEK, TODAY-3*ONE_DAY, TODAY], 'x': [42, 45,127]})

The dates have gaps:

           dt    x
0  2018-11-19   42
1  2018-11-23   45
2  2018-11-26  127

Now, fill in the missing dates:

r = pd.date_range(start=df.dt.min(), end=df.dt.max())
df.set_index('dt').reindex(r).fillna(0.0).rename_axis('dt').reset_index()

Voila! The dataframe no longer has gaps:

          dt      x
0 2018-11-19   42.0
1 2018-11-20    NaN
2 2018-11-21    NaN
3 2018-11-22    NaN
4 2018-11-23   45.0
5 2018-11-24    NaN
6 2018-11-25    NaN
7 2018-11-26  127.0